Windows/PowerShell

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Windows PowerShell

Windows PowerShell - http://www.microsoft.com/powershell

Wikipedia - Windows PowerShell

Windows PowerShell - Wikipedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_PowerShell

Windows PowerShell is Microsoft's task automation framework, consisting of a command-line shell and associated scripting language built on top of, and integrated with the .NET Framework. PowerShell provides full access to COM and WMI, enabling administrators to perform administrative tasks on both local and remote Windows systems.

In PowerShell, administrative tasks are generally performed by cmdlets (pronounced command-lets), specialized .NET classes implementing a particular operation. Sets of cmdlets may be combined together in scripts, executables (which are standalone applications), or by instantiating regular .NET classes (or WMI/COM Objects). These work by accessing data in different data stores, like the filesystem or registry, which are made available to the PowerShell runtime via Windows PowerShell providers.

Windows PowerShell also provides a hosting mechanism with which the Windows PowerShell runtime can be embedded inside other applications. These applications then leverage Windows PowerShell functionality to implement certain operations, including those exposed via the graphical interface. This capability has been utilized by Microsoft Exchange Server 2007 to expose its management functionality as PowerShell cmdlets and providers and implement the graphical management tools as PowerShell hosts which invoke the necessary cmdlets. Other Microsoft applications including Microsoft SQL Server 2008 also expose their management interface via PowerShell cmdlets. With PowerShell, graphical interface-based management applications on Windows are layered on top of Windows PowerShell. A PowerShell scripting interface for Windows products is mandated by the Common Engineering Criteria.

Windows PowerShell includes its own extensive, console-based help, similar to man pages in Unix shells via the Get-Help cmdlet

PowerShell 7

Install the latest PowerShell for new features and improvements! https://aka.ms/PSWindows

Migrating from Windows PowerShell 5.1 to PowerShell 7
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/scripting/whats-new/migrating-from-windows-powershell-51-to-powershell-7?view=powershell-7.4

Designed for cloud, on-premises, and hybrid environments, PowerShell 7 is packed with enhancements and new features.

  • Installs and runs side-by-side with Windows PowerShell
  • Improved compatibility with existing Windows PowerShell modules
  • New language features, like ternary operators and ForEach-Object -Parallel
  • Improved performance
  • SSH-based remoting
  • Cross-platform interoperability
  • Support for Docker containers

PowerShell 7 Coexistance

PowerShell 7 is designed to coexist with Windows PowerShell 5.1. The following features ensure that your investment in PowerShell is protected and your migration to PowerShell 7 is simple. [1]

  • Separate installation path and executable name
  • Separate PSModulePath
  • Separate profiles for each version
  • Improved module compatibility
  • New remoting endpoints
  • Group policy support
  • Separate Event logs

Install locations by version: [2]

  • Windows PowerShell 5.1: $env:WINDIR\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0
  • PowerShell 6.x: $env:ProgramFiles\PowerShell\6
  • PowerShell 7: $env:ProgramFiles\PowerShell\7

Install PowerShell 7

7.4.6:

7.4:

The MSI package can be deployed and updated with management products such as Microsoft Configuration Manager. Download the packages from GitHub Release page.

PowerShell 5

Included with Windows 10

PowerShell 2

Windows 7

Install PowerShell 2

Download Windows PowerShell 2.0 - http://support.microsoft.com/kb/968929

OLD: How to Download Windows PowerShell 1.0 - http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserver2003/technologies/management/powershell/download.mspx

Editor

From PowerShell 1.0:

C:\WINDOWS\system32\windowspowershell\v1.0\powershell_ise.exe

Windows PowerShell Quick Reference

A two-page quick (.doc) reference guide to using Windows PowerShell.

TechNet Scripting with Windows PowerShell

This page brings together resources for system administrators who are interested in learning about the Windows PowerShell command line and scripting environment.

Comparison of cmdlets with similar commands

The following table contains a selection of the cmdlets that ship with PowerShell noting the most similar commands in other well known command line interpreters.

Windows PowerShell
(Cmdlet)
Windows PowerShell
(Alias)
cmd.exe / COMMAND.COM
(MS-DOS, Windows, OS/2, etc.)
Bash
(Unix, BSD, Linux, Mac OS X etc.)
Description
Get-ChildItem gci, dir, ls dir ls List all files / directories in the (current) directory
Get-Content gc, type, cat type cat Get the content of a file
Get-Command gcm help which List available commands
Get-Help help, man help man Help on commands
Clear-Host cls, clear cls clear Clear the screen
Copy-Item cpi, copy, cp copy cp Copy one or several files / a whole directory tree
Move-Item mi, move, mv move mv Move a file / a directory to a new location
Remove-Item ri, del, erase, rmdir, rd, rm del, erase, rmdir, rd rm, rmdir Delete a file / a directory
Rename-Item rni, ren, mv ren, rename mv Rename a file / a directory
Get-Location gl, pwd cd pwd Display the current directory/present working directory.
Pop-Location popd popd popd Change the current directory to the directory most recently pushed onto the stack
Push-Location pushd pushd pushd Push the current directory onto the stack
Set-Location sl, cd, chdir cd, chdir cd Change the current directory
Tee-Object tee n/a tee Pipe input to a file or variable, then pass the input along the pipeline
Write-Output echo, write echo echo Print strings, variables etc. to standard output
Get-Process gps, ps tlist, tasklist ps List all currently running processes
Stop-Process spps, kill kill, taskkill kill Stop a running process
Select-String n/a find, findstr grep Print lines matching a pattern
Set-Variable sv, set set set Set the value of a variable / create a variable

Security

PowerShell Cookbook - Get rid of the “execution of scripts is disabled” message - http://www.johndcook.com/PowerShellCookbook.html#a4

PSH> .\myScript.ps1

File D:\myScript.ps1 cannot be loaded. The file
D:\myScript.ps1 is not digitally signed. The script will not execute on the
system. Please see "get-help about_signing" for more details..

At line:1 char:13 + .\myScript.ps1 <<<<
PSH> set-executionPolicy RemoteSigned

Better option: (you will get a confirmation warning with this mode)

 PSH> set-executionPolicy Unrestricted

To really unsecure the system:

 PSH> set-executionPolicy ByPass

Run script in ByPass mode:

powershell -ExecutionPolicy ByPass -File script.ps1

WARNING: This has to be set for each environment separately. (32bit vs 64bit)

References and Tutorials

Code

Help

To see the examples, type: "get-help Get-Random -examples".
For more information, type: "get-help Get-Random -detailed".
 For technical information, type: "get-help Get-Random -full".

Version

To see the version of powershell use $host.version

Windows 10:

C:\> powershell
Windows PowerShell

PS C:\> $host.version

Major  Minor  Build  Revision
-----  -----  -----  --------
5      1      22621  4111

Powershell Core: (pwsh)

C:\> pwsh
PowerShell 7.4.5

PS C:\> $host.version

Major  Minor  Build  Revision
-----  -----  -----  --------
7      4      5      -1

---

Windows 7:

PS> $Host.Version
Major  Minor  Build  Revision
-----  -----  -----  --------
2      0      -1     -1

comments

# this is a comment
echo "hello"  # this is a comment

echo

echo "Hello $name"
echo "Hello xxx$($name)xxx"
Write-Output "Hello $name"
"Hello ${name}"  # same effect
Write-Output -NoNewline "no newline"
$a = "Hello "
$b = "World!"
echo ($a + $b)
Write-Host -ForegroundColor green "Message"  # write message in color

Path

echo $env:Path
$env:Path = "${env:Path};C:\Python27;C:\Python27\Scripts"

Wrap Large Commands

With backticks:

some.exe `
 --param1 `
 --param2

Variables

$joe = 5
$joe = "abc"
echo $joe
echo --${joe}--

Get variable type:

$var.GetType().Name
$var.GetType().FullName

Variable set:

if ( !$var ) { $var = "new-value"; } 
if ( $var -eq $null ) { $var = "new-value"; }

Arguments

"Arguments: $($args.count)"
$args  # list all args
$args[0]  # is first argument
arg1 = $args[0]
arg2 = $args[1]
echo "$arg1 $arg2"
param($Argument1,$Argument2)
"Argument1 is: $Argument1"
"Argument2 is: $Argument2"

Strings

Check for empty string:

if ($str) { "Not empty"}

Join operation: [1]

$a = "This", "Is", "a", "cat"

# Operator join

    # This Is a cat
    $a -join ' '

    # ThisIsacat
    -join $a

# using conversion to [string] (and optionally use the separator $ofs)

    # This Is a cat
    [string]$a

    # This-Is-a-cat
    $ofs = '-' # ! after that all casts work in this way until $ofs changes !
    [string]$a
$var.tostring()
[string]$var1 = 5  # cast to string

Trim:

$msg = " Hello world "
$msg.Trim()

Comparison:

if ( $str1 -eq $str2 ) { ... }
if ( $str1.startswith('something') ) { ... }

Variable Expansion:

"This is expansion: $($obj.Name)"

Exit Code

exit 1

If

PowerShell Tutorial - Conditional Logic | PowerShell Pro! - http://www.powershellpro.com/powershell-tutorial-introduction/powershell-tutorial-conditional-logic/

if (! $args[0]) {
  "Error: missing parameter"
  exit 1
}

if ($args[1]) { $name = $args[1] }

Else:

if (...) {} else {}

Comparision:

 -eq -ne -lt -gt -le -ge

if ($name -eq "joe") { ... }
if ($code -ne 0) { ... }
if ($rc -eq $true) { ... }

Boolean Logic:

-and -or

Null:

if ($myvar -eq $null) { ... }

Return Codes

Return codes:

# True - on success
# False - on fail
echo $?
if ($?) { ... }
if (!$?) { ... }

Examples:

true
echo $?  # True
false
echo $?  # False
echo "hi"
echo $?  # True
echasdfasdfasdf
echo $?  # False

Dates

$Year = Read-Host "When were you born?"
$Numerical_Years = (Get-Date -uformat "%Y") -$Year

Select Columns

Select all columns:

pwd | select *

Select drive:

pwd | select Drive

Loops

for

for ($i=1; $i -lt 6; $i++) { "This is line number " + $i }

Break Continue

           break      # <- abort loop
           #continue  # <- skip just this iteration, but continue loop
           #return    # <- abort code, and continue in caller scope
           #exit      # <- abort code at caller scope

Ref[2]

foreach

foreach ($item in $items) { $item }

while

while ($true) { ... }

do while

do {
  ...
} While ($a -le 5)


 do {
   sleep 2
   ping google.com -n 1
 } while ( ! $? )

Aliases

To see a list of all the cmdlet aliases:

get-alias

Booleans

$true   # echo as 'True'
$false  # echo as 'False'
if ($rc -eq $true) { ... }
if ($rc -eq $false) { ... }
if ($rc -ne $true) { ... }

Arrays

a.k.a. Lists

$empty_array = @()  # does not actually appear to create an object
$items = 1,"Hello",3.5
$items = @(1,"Hello",3.5)  # explicit syntax
$item1,$item2,$items_remaining = $items # distribute values
$numbers = 1,2,3,4,5,6,7
$numbers = (1..7)
$items  # list all items
$var = $items[0]  # first element
$vars = $items[2..3]  # items from index 2 to 3
$vars = $items[-1]  # last element
$item[2] = 64  # modify value (index must exist)
$item.SetValue(2, 64)  # modify value (index must exist)
$items += 25  # append new value
$new_array = $first_array + $second_array  # append arrays
$count = $items.length-1
foreach ($item in $items) {$item}  # loop through array
$items.gettype()  # property BaseType will show System.Array
$array = @("test1", "test2", "test3")
for ($i=0; $i -lt $array.length; $i++) { $array[$i] }
foreach ($element in $array) { $element }
$array |foreach { $_ }

Referneces:

Hash Tables

a.k.a. Dictionaries

$states = @{"Washington" = "Olympia"; "Oregon" = "Salem"; California = "Sacramento"}
$states  # list states
$states.Add("Alaska", "Fairbanks")
$states["Alaska"] = "Fairbanks"  # same effect
$states.Remove("Alaska")
$states.Set_Item("Alaska", "Juneau")
$states.Get_Item("Oregon")
$states.ContainsKey("Oregon")
$states.ContainsValue("Salem")
$states | Sort-Object
$states.GetEnumerator() | Sort-Object Name
$states.GetEnumerator() | Sort-Object Value -descending

References:

Splat Operator

$params = @{path = "c:\demo"; Recurse= $true}
dir @params

That will in effect run: dir -Path c:\demo -Recurse:$true

Here Strings

@'...'@ and @"..."@ are "Here Strings"
$myHereString = @'
some text with "quotes" and variable names $printthis
some more text
'@


ref

  • Powershell Quoting Rules [3]
  • [3]

Function

Function Add {
  param($x, $y)
  $ans = $x + $y
}

Function Add { "params: $args" }
Function Add { $args[0] + $args[1] }
Function Age { Param([int]$x) }  # type casting

Objects

pwd (alias for Get-Location) returns an object describing the current working directory:

> pwd | select *

PowerCLI C:\Windows\system32> pwd | select *

Drive               Provider            ProviderPath        Path
-----               --------            ------------        ----
C                   Microsoft.PowerS... C:\Windows\system32 C:\Windows\system32

filter a column:

$obj | select [COLUMN]

Filter records (row): [4]

$obj | Where-Object {$_.Name -eq "Something"}
$obj | Where-Object {$_.Name.StartsWith("something")}

See #Where-Object

To get a sub object:

$drive = (pwd).Drive
pwd | Select-Object Drive

To get a particular property:

$drive = (pwd).Drive.Name  # Get drive letter
$path = pwd | select -exp Path

Get Object Members:

pwd | GetMember
pwd | gm  # equivalent

Record count:

($obj | measure-object).count
# or
$obj_measure = $obj | measure-object
$obj_measure.count

Users

List local users:

Get-LocalUser

List local groups:

Get-LocalGroup

Environment Variables

List all:

Get-ChildItem Env:

Set:

[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('Foo','Bar')
[Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Foo')

Remove:

[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('Foo',)
[Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Foo')

ref: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_environment_variables?view=powershell-7.4

Profile Enviornment Varialbes

You can get the path to your PowerShell profile with the $PROFILE automatic variable.

Available in any powershell that loads your profile:

$Env:CompanyUri = 'https://internal.contoso.com'
$Env:Path += ';C:\Tools'

Persistent Environment Variables

Set:

[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('Foo', 'Bar', 'Machine')

Delete:

[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('Foo', , 'Machine')

Ref: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.core/about/about_environment_variables?view=powershell-7.4

Grep like filter

... | select-string -pattern "PATTERN"
... | select-string -pattern "PATTERN"
echo "hello" | select-string -pattern "ll"  # ok
echo "hello" | select-string -pattern "e..o"  # ok
echo "helllo" | select-string -pattern "e..o"  # fail
echo "hello" | select-string -pattern "e.+o"  # ok
echo "hello" | select-string -pattern "e.+t"  # fail
echo "hello" | select-string "e.+o"  # pass -- seems like "-pattern" is default!
help select-string
 The `Select-String` cmdlet uses regular expression matching to search for text patterns in input strings and
   files. You can use `Select-String` similar to `grep` in UNIX or `findstr.exe` in Windows.

Where-Object

Filter data with Where-Object [5]

   -lt -- Less than
   -le -- Less than or equal to
   -gt -- Greater than
   -ge -- Greater than or equal to
   -eq -- Equal to
   -ne -- Not equal to
   -like - Like; uses wildcards for pattern matching
Where-Object {$_.Name -eq "Something"}
Where-Object {$_.Name -like "*th*"}

Try Catch Exception Handling

try {
  # code
  throw 'Error'
  exit 0
} catch {
  # $_ will contain details
  echo "Exception: " $_  # will show 'Error'
  exit 1  # failure
}

Stop on Error

To make powershell stop executing whenever it encounters error, set

$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
# or
Get-Process -ErrorAction Stop

Redirection

null:

# technically any non assigned variable will work the same
echo "Hello world" > $null   # redirect to like /dev/null

STDOUT:

Write-Output "Hello World"
echo "Hello world" > $myfile

STDERR:

Write-Error "Some Error"
Write-Error "Some Error" 2> $myfile
Write-Error "Some Error" 2>&1

Warning: [6] [7]

Write-Warning "Some Warning"
Write-Warning "Hidden Warning" -WarningAction SilentlyContinue  # supress warnings

Streams

Capture Warning, Verbose, Debug and Host Output via alternate streams: (available in PowerShell 3.x)

0 - stdin
1 - stdout (write-output, normal cmdlet output, non captured expression
output)
2 - stderr (write-error, throw, cmdlet non-terminating errors)
3 - warnings (write-warning, cmdlet warning)
4 - verbose (write-verbose and cmdlet -verbose output)
5 - debug (write-debug and cmdlet debug output)
6 - host (write-host, read-host, explicit out-host use)
9 - combined (all output combined into a single - easy to redirect stream)

capture *ALL* output to a log file

MyLongRunningComplexUnattendedScript.ps1 9>&1 > LogFile.log

References:

Progress Bar

Write-Progress

for ($i = 1; $i -le 100; $i++ ){write-progress -activity "Search in Progress" -status "$i% Complete:" -percentcomplete $i;}

References:

Snapin

if ( (Get-PSSnapin -Name MySnapin -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) -eq $null )
{
    Add-PsSnapin MySnapin
}

References:

Cmdlets

Read-Host - Get Input From User

$name = Read-Host "name"
# name:
Read-Host "Press enter key to continue"
$fname = [Console]::ReadLine()

Password:

$pass = Read-Host 'What is your password?' -AsSecureString
$plan_text_pass = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringAuto(
   [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SecureStringToBSTR($pass))

Confirm:

start calc
gps calc | stop-process -confirm   # firm calc process, and confirm kill

Steal pop up dialog box from visual basic: [8] (did not work for me!)

$a = new-object -comobject MSScriptControl.ScriptControl
$a.language = "vbscript"
$a.addcode("function getInput() getInput = inputbox(`"Message box prompt`",`"Message Box Title`") end function" )
$b = $a.eval("getInput")

Input Box [9] (works):

[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName('Microsoft.VisualBasic') | Out-Null
$computer = [Microsoft.VisualBasic.Interaction]::InputBox("Enter a computer name", "Computer", "$env:computername")


All user input and output normally occurs inside the PowerShell console. Simply access the .NET framework directly if you'd like to get back the same dialogs VBScript scripters are using. Here is the old-fashioned InputBox:

[void][System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName('Microsoft.VisualBasic') $name = [Microsoft.VisualBasic.Interaction]::InputBox("Enter your name", "Name", "$env:username") "Your name is $name"

An Easy InputBox - And here is your MsgBox: [10]

[void][System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName('Microsoft.VisualBasic')

$result = [Microsoft.VisualBasic.Interaction]::MsgBox( `
  "Do you agree?", 'YesNoCancel,Question', "Respond please")

 switch ($result) {
  'Yes'		{ "Ah good" }
  'No'		{ "Sorry to hear that" }
  'Cancel'	{ "Bye..." }
}

Clear-Host - Clear Screen

Clear-Host

Get-Content - Get File Content

Get file content:

Get-Content [file]

Aliases:

  • cat
  • type
  • gc
Get-Content dictionary.txt | foreach {Write-Output $_}
Get-Content dictionary.txt | foreach {Write-Output $_.length}
Get-Content dictionary.txt | foreach {Write-Output $_.toupper()}
Get-Content dictionary.txt | foreach {$_.length}  # Write-Output is implied.
$content = Get-Content dictionary.txt
(Get-Content test.txt)[3 .. 5]  # get lines 3 through 5 of file
foreach ($line in Get-Content test.txt) { echo $line }  # read each line of a file

References:

Start-Sleep - Pause Script

Suspends the activity in a script or session for the specified period of time:

Start-Sleep [seconds]

Alias:

  • sleep

Get-Random - Generate Random Numbers

Generate a number within the range of 100 to 200 (including both)

Get-Random -minimum 100 -maximum 200

Generate 10 numbers within the range of 1 to 100 (including 1 and 100). Numbers can only be used once, so if the count is higher than the InputObject range, you won't get the full count.

Get-Random -Count 10 -InputObject (1..100)

Scripts

Console Redirect

console.ps1

while ($true) { Read-Host }

Usage: (end with [ctrl]+[c])

./console.ps1 > file

Powershell Command Line Options

C:\> powershell.exe /?

PowerShell[.exe] [-PSConsoleFile <file> | -Version <version>]
    [-NoLogo] [-NoExit] [-Sta] [-NoProfile] [-NonInteractive]
    [-InputFormat {Text | XML}] [-OutputFormat {Text | XML}]
    [-WindowStyle <style>] [-EncodedCommand <Base64EncodedCommand>]
    [-File <filePath> <args>] [-ExecutionPolicy <ExecutionPolicy>]
    [-Command { - | <script-block> [-args <arg-array>]
                  | <string> [<CommandParameters>] } ]

PowerShell[.exe] -Help | -? | /?

-PSConsoleFile
    Loads the specified Windows PowerShell console file. To create a console
    file, use Export-Console in Windows PowerShell.

-Version
    Starts the specified version of Windows PowerShell.

-NoLogo
    Hides the copyright banner at startup.

-NoExit
    Does not exit after running startup commands.

-Sta
    Start the shell using a single-threaded apartment.

-NoProfile
    Does not use the user profile.

-NonInteractive
    Does not present an interactive prompt to the user.

-InputFormat
    Describes the format of data sent to Windows PowerShell. Valid values are
    "Text" (text strings) or "XML" (serialized CLIXML format).

-OutputFormat
    Determines how output from Windows PowerShell is formatted. Valid values
    are "Text" (text strings) or "XML" (serialized CLIXML format).

-WindowStyle
    Sets the window style to Normal, Minimized, Maximized or Hidden.

-EncodedCommand
    Accepts a base-64-encoded string version of a command. Use this parameter
    to submit commands to Windows PowerShell that require complex quotation
    marks or curly braces.

-File
    Execute a script file.

-ExecutionPolicy
    Sets the default execution policy for the session.

-Command
    Executes the specified commands (and any parameters) as though they were
    typed at the Windows PowerShell command prompt, and then exits, unless
    NoExit is specified. The value of Command can be "-", a string. or a
    script block.

    If the value of Command is "-", the command text is read from standard
    input.

    If the value of Command is a script block, the script block must be enclosed
    in braces ({}). You can specify a script block only when running PowerShell.exe
    in Windows PowerShell. The results of the script block are returned to the
    parent shell as deserialized XML objects, not live objects.

    If the value of Command is a string, Command must be the last parameter
    in the command , because any characters typed after the command are
    interpreted as the command arguments.

    To write a string that runs a Windows PowerShell command, use the format:
        "& {<command>}"
    where the quotation marks indicate a string and the invoke operator (&)
    causes the command to be executed.

-Help, -?, /?
    Shows this message. If you are typing a PowerShell.exe command in Windows
    PowerShell, prepend the command parameters with a hyphen (-), not a forward
    slash (/). You can use either a hyphen or forward slash in Cmd.exe.

EXAMPLES
    PowerShell -PSConsoleFile SqlSnapIn.Psc1
    PowerShell -version 1.0 -NoLogo -InputFormat text -OutputFormat XML
    PowerShell -Command {Get-EventLog -LogName security}
    PowerShell -Command "& {Get-EventLog -LogName security}"

    # To use the -EncodedCommand parameter:
    $command = 'dir "c:\program files" '
    $bytes = [System.Text.Encoding]::Unicode.GetBytes($command)
    $encodedCommand = [Convert]::ToBase64String($bytes)
    powershell.exe -encodedCommand $encodedCommand

Cmdlets Aliases

PS C:\> Get-Alias

CommandType     Name                            Definition
-----------     ----                            ----------
Alias           %                               ForEach-Object
Alias           ?                               Where-Object
Alias           ac                              Add-Content
Alias           asnp                            Add-PSSnapIn
Alias           cat                             Get-Content
Alias           cd                              Set-Location
Alias           chdir                           Set-Location
Alias           clc                             Clear-Content
Alias           clear                           Clear-Host
Alias           clhy                            Clear-History
Alias           cli                             Clear-Item
Alias           clp                             Clear-ItemProperty
Alias           cls                             Clear-Host
Alias           clv                             Clear-Variable
Alias           compare                         Compare-Object
Alias           copy                            Copy-Item
Alias           cp                              Copy-Item
Alias           cpi                             Copy-Item
Alias           cpp                             Copy-ItemProperty
Alias           cvpa                            Convert-Path
Alias           dbp                             Disable-PSBreakpoint
Alias           del                             Remove-Item
Alias           diff                            Compare-Object
Alias           dir                             Get-ChildItem
Alias           ebp                             Enable-PSBreakpoint
Alias           echo                            Write-Output
Alias           epal                            Export-Alias
Alias           epcsv                           Export-Csv
Alias           epsn                            Export-PSSession
Alias           erase                           Remove-Item
Alias           etsn                            Enter-PSSession
Alias           exsn                            Exit-PSSession
Alias           fc                              Format-Custom
Alias           fl                              Format-List
Alias           foreach                         ForEach-Object
Alias           ft                              Format-Table
Alias           fw                              Format-Wide
Alias           gal                             Get-Alias
Alias           gbp                             Get-PSBreakpoint
Alias           gc                              Get-Content
Alias           gci                             Get-ChildItem
Alias           gcm                             Get-Command
Alias           gcs                             Get-PSCallStack
Alias           gdr                             Get-PSDrive
Alias           ghy                             Get-History
Alias           gi                              Get-Item
Alias           gjb                             Get-Job
Alias           gl                              Get-Location
Alias           gm                              Get-Member
Alias           gmo                             Get-Module
Alias           gp                              Get-ItemProperty
Alias           gps                             Get-Process
Alias           group                           Group-Object
Alias           gsn                             Get-PSSession
Alias           gsnp                            Get-PSSnapIn
Alias           gsv                             Get-Service
Alias           gu                              Get-Unique
Alias           gv                              Get-Variable
Alias           gwmi                            Get-WmiObject
Alias           h                               Get-History
Alias           history                         Get-History
Alias           icm                             Invoke-Command
Alias           iex                             Invoke-Expression
Alias           ihy                             Invoke-History
Alias           ii                              Invoke-Item
Alias           ipal                            Import-Alias
Alias           ipcsv                           Import-Csv
Alias           ipmo                            Import-Module
Alias           ipsn                            Import-PSSession
Alias           ise                             powershell_ise.exe
Alias           iwmi                            Invoke-WMIMethod
Alias           kill                            Stop-Process
Alias           lp                              Out-Printer
Alias           ls                              Get-ChildItem
Alias           man                             help
Alias           md                              mkdir
Alias           measure                         Measure-Object
Alias           mi                              Move-Item
Alias           mount                           New-PSDrive
Alias           move                            Move-Item
Alias           mp                              Move-ItemProperty
Alias           mv                              Move-Item
Alias           nal                             New-Alias
Alias           ndr                             New-PSDrive
Alias           ni                              New-Item
Alias           nmo                             New-Module
Alias           nsn                             New-PSSession
Alias           nv                              New-Variable
Alias           ogv                             Out-GridView
Alias           oh                              Out-Host
Alias           popd                            Pop-Location
Alias           ps                              Get-Process
Alias           pushd                           Push-Location
Alias           pwd                             Get-Location
Alias           r                               Invoke-History
Alias           rbp                             Remove-PSBreakpoint
Alias           rcjb                            Receive-Job
Alias           rd                              Remove-Item
Alias           rdr                             Remove-PSDrive
Alias           ren                             Rename-Item
Alias           ri                              Remove-Item
Alias           rjb                             Remove-Job
Alias           rm                              Remove-Item
Alias           rmdir                           Remove-Item
Alias           rmo                             Remove-Module
Alias           rni                             Rename-Item
Alias           rnp                             Rename-ItemProperty
Alias           rp                              Remove-ItemProperty
Alias           rsn                             Remove-PSSession
Alias           rsnp                            Remove-PSSnapin
Alias           rv                              Remove-Variable
Alias           rvpa                            Resolve-Path
Alias           rwmi                            Remove-WMIObject
Alias           sajb                            Start-Job
Alias           sal                             Set-Alias
Alias           saps                            Start-Process
Alias           sasv                            Start-Service
Alias           sbp                             Set-PSBreakpoint
Alias           sc                              Set-Content
Alias           select                          Select-Object
Alias           set                             Set-Variable
Alias           si                              Set-Item
Alias           sl                              Set-Location
Alias           sleep                           Start-Sleep
Alias           sort                            Sort-Object
Alias           sp                              Set-ItemProperty
Alias           spjb                            Stop-Job
Alias           spps                            Stop-Process
Alias           spsv                            Stop-Service
Alias           start                           Start-Process
Alias           sv                              Set-Variable
Alias           swmi                            Set-WMIInstance
Alias           tee                             Tee-Object
Alias           type                            Get-Content
Alias           where                           Where-Object
Alias           wjb                             Wait-Job
Alias           write                           Write-Output

VMware PowerCLI

See VMware PowerCLI

Recipies

Loop till ping success

ping store.lab -n 1
while( ! $? ) {
  sleep 1
  ping store.lab -n 1
}

Issues

Unable to Run Script

Permissions

keywords