Linux/RRDtool

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RRDtool

http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/

rrdtool - time-series data storage and display system (programs) The Round Robin Database Tool (RRDtool) is a system to store and display time-series data (e.g. network bandwidth, machine-room temperature, server load average). It stores the data in Round Robin Databases (RRDs), a very compact way that will not expand over time. RRDtool processes the extracted data to enforce a certain data density, allowing for useful graphical representation of data values.

RRDtool is often used via various wrappers that can poll data from devices and feed data into RRDs, as well as provide a friendlier user interface and customized graphs.

Documentation

RRDtool - RRDtool Documentation - https://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/doc/index.en.html

Tools

rrdtool 

   Round Robin Database Tool

rrdcached 

   Data caching daemon for rrdtool

librrd 

   RRD library functions

rrdbuild 

   Instructions for building RRDtool

rrdcgi 

   Create web pages containing RRD graphs based on templates

rrdcreate 

   Set up a new Round Robin Database

rrddump 

   dump the contents of an RRD to XML format

rrdfetch 

   Fetch data from an RRD.

rrdfirst 

   Return the date of the first data sample in an RRA within an RRD

rrdflushcached 

   Flush the values for a spcific RRD file from memory.

rrdgraph_data 

   preparing data for graphing in rrdtool graph

rrdgraph_examples 

   Examples for rrdtool graph

rrdgraph_graph 

   rrdtool graph command reference

rrdgraph_libdbi 

   fetching data for graphing in rrdtool graph via libdbi

rrdgraph 

   Round Robin Database tool graphing functions

rrdgraph_rpn 

   About RPN Math in rrdtool graph

rrdinfo 

   extract header information from an RRD

rrdlast 

   Return the date of the last data sample in an RRD

rrdlastupdate 

   Return the most recent update to an RRD

rrdrados 

   Creating, updating and retrieving RRD files from Ceph

rrdresize 

   alters the size of an RRA and creates a new .rrd file

rrdrestore 

   Restore the contents of an RRD from its XML dump format

rrdtune 

   Modify some basic properties of a Round Robin Database

rrdupdate 

   Store a new set of values into the RRD

rrdxport 

   Export data in XML format based on data from one or several RRD

Installation =

yum install rrdtool

apt-get install rrdtool

Guide

Getting Started with RRDtool - http://www.cuddletech.com/articles/rrd/

Overview:

  1. Create an empty RRD database using rrdtool create.
  2. Utilize a script and/or the cron to add data to the database using rrdtool update.
  3. Generate, usually via script, custom output graphs using rrdtool graph.

Create RRD: 

rrdtool create records.rrd \
--start N --step 300 \
DS:probe1-temp:GAUGE:600:55:95 \
DS:probe2-temp:GAUGE:600:55:95 \
DS:probe3-temp:GAUGE:600:55:95 \
DS:probe4-temp:GAUGE:600:55:95 \
RRA:MIN:0.5:12:1440 \
RRA:MAX:0.5:12:1440 \
RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:1:1440

This will create a RRD with 5 min interval (300), 4 guages, 10 min till error (600), 55-95 range, with 50% unknowns, 12 points per record, and 1440 records

Update RRD: 

rrdtool update records.rrd "N:64:57:92:86"

Graph: 

rrdtool graph records.png -a PNG --title="TempTrax" \
--vertical-label "Deg F" \
'DEF:probe1=records.rrd:probe1-temp:AVERAGE' \
'DEF:probe2=records.rrd:probe2-temp:AVERAGE' \
'DEF:probe3=records.rrd:probe3-temp:AVERAGE' \
'DEF:probe4=records.rrd:probe4-temp:AVERAGE' \
'LINE1:probe1#ff0000:Switch Probe' \
'LINE1:probe2#0400ff:Server Probe' \
'AREA:probe3#cccccc:HVAC' \
'LINE1:probe4#35b73d:QA Lab Probe' \
'GPRINT:probe1:LAST:Switch Side Last Temp\: %2.1lf F' \
'GPRINT:probe3:LAST:HVAC Output Last Temp\: %2.1lf F\j' \
'GPRINT:probe2:LAST:Server Side Last Temp\: %2.1lf F' \
'GPRINT:probe4:LAST:QA Lab Last Temp\: %2.1lf F\j'

---

See last update: 

rrdtool lastupdate records.rrd

Dump table: (import into Excel) 

rrdtool dump records.rrd > records.xml

My Example

#!/bin/sh

# Created Using:
#   rrdtool create temperature.rrd --step 300 DS:cpu:GAUGE:600:0:100 DS:disk1:GAUGE:600:0:100 DS:disk2:GAUGE:600:0:100 DS:disk3:GAUGE:600:0:100 DS:disk4:GAUGE:600:0:100 DS:disk5:GAUGE:600:0:100 DS:disk6:GAUGE:600:0:100 DS:disk7:GAUGE:600:0:100 DS:disk8:GAUGE:600:0:100 DS:disk9:GAUGE:600:0:100 RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:1:14400 RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:6:9600 RRA:AVERAGE:0.5:36:6000

# Update Using:
# rrdtool update temperature.rrd N:$CPU:$DISK1:$DISK2:$DISK3:$DISK4:$DISK5:$DISK6:$DISK7:$DISK8:$DISK9

if [ "$1" != "graph" ] ; then


#DISK1=`/usr/sbin/hddtemp -n /dev/sda`
#DISK2=`/usr/sbin/hddtemp -n /dev/sdb`
#DISK3=`/usr/sbin/hddtemp -n /dev/sdc`
DISK1=
DISK2=
DISK3=

DISK4=`/usr/sbin/hddtemp -n /dev/hdc`
DISK5=`/usr/sbin/hddtemp -n /dev/hdd`
DISK6=`/usr/sbin/hddtemp -n /dev/hde`
DISK7=`/usr/sbin/hddtemp -n /dev/hdf`
DISK8=`/usr/sbin/hddtemp -n /dev/hdg`
DISK9=`/usr/sbin/hddtemp -n /dev/hdh`

echo "$DISK1" | grep -e "^[0-9]*$" ; if [ $? != 0 ] ; then DISK1= ; fi
echo "$DISK2" | grep -e "^[0-9]*$" ; if [ $? != 0 ] ; then DISK2= ; fi
echo "$DISK3" | grep -e "^[0-9]*$" ; if [ $? != 0 ] ; then DISK3= ; fi
echo "$DISK4" | grep -e "^[0-9]*$" ; if [ $? != 0 ] ; then DISK4= ; fi
echo "$DISK5" | grep -e "^[0-9]*$" ; if [ $? != 0 ] ; then DISK5= ; fi
echo "$DISK6" | grep -e "^[0-9]*$" ; if [ $? != 0 ] ; then DISK6= ; fi
echo "$DISK7" | grep -e "^[0-9]*$" ; if [ $? != 0 ] ; then DISK7= ; fi
echo "$DISK8" | grep -e "^[0-9]*$" ; if [ $? != 0 ] ; then DISK8= ; fi
echo "$DISK9" | grep -e "^[0-9]*$" ; if [ $? != 0 ] ; then DISK9= ; fi

# K8:
#   /sys/bus/pci/drivers/k8temp/0000:00:18.3/temp1_input
# K10:
#   /sys/bus/pci/drivers/k10temp/0000:00:18.3/temp1_input
#   /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:18.3/temp1_input
CPU=`cat /sys/bus/pci/drivers/k8temp/0000:00:18.3/temp1_input`
CPU=$(( ( $CPU + 500 ) / 1000 ))

/usr/bin/rrdtool update /opt/admin/temperature.rrd N:$CPU:$DISK1:$DISK2:$DISK3:$DISK4:$DISK5:$DISK6:$DISK7:$DISK8:$DISK9
echo '/usr/bin/rrdtool update /opt/admin/temperature.rrd N:$CPU:$DISK1:$DISK2:$DISK3:$DISK4:$DISK5:$DISK6:$DISK7:$DISK8:$DISK9'
echo "/usr/bin/rrdtool update /opt/admin/temperature.rrd N:$CPU:$DISK1:$DISK2:$DISK3:$DISK4:$DISK5:$DISK6:$DISK7:$DISK8:$DISK9"
logger "/usr/bin/rrdtool update /opt/admin/temperature.rrd N:$CPU:$DISK1:$DISK2:$DISK3:$DISK4:$DISK5:$DISK6:$DISK7:$DISK8:$DISK9"

fi


AREAOPTIONS=" \
 CDEF:online=ds,UN,0,ds,IF,0,GT,INF,UNKN,IF \
 CDEF:offline=ds,UN,0,ds,IF,0,GT,UNKN,INF,IF \
 AREA:online#EDFEED \
 AREA:offline#FEEDED \
 AREA:ds#ffcccc "


GRAPHOPTIONS="-v "Celcius" -x none -l 35 -u 45 -r -E"

/usr/bin/rrdtool graph /www/t0e/cputemp.png DEF:ds=/opt/admin/temperature.rrd:cpu:AVERAGE \
 $AREAOPTIONS \
 LINE3:ds#ff0000:"CPU Temperature" $GRAPHOPTIONS


GRAPHOPTIONS="-v "Celcius" -x none -l 30 -u 45 -r -E"

/usr/bin/rrdtool graph /www/t0e/disk1temp.png DEF:ds=/opt/admin/temperature.rrd:disk1:AVERAGE \
 $AREAOPTIONS \
 LINE3:ds#ff0000:"Disk1 HDD Temperature" $GRAPHOPTIONS
/usr/bin/rrdtool graph /www/t0e/disk2temp.png DEF:ds=/opt/admin/temperature.rrd:disk2:AVERAGE \
 $AREAOPTIONS \
 LINE3:ds#ff0000:"Disk2 HDD Temperature" $GRAPHOPTIONS
/usr/bin/rrdtool graph /www/t0e/disk3temp.png DEF:ds=/opt/admin/temperature.rrd:disk3:AVERAGE \
 $AREAOPTIONS \
 LINE3:ds#ff0000:"Disk3 HDD Temperature" $GRAPHOPTIONS
/usr/bin/rrdtool graph /www/t0e/disk4temp.png DEF:ds=/opt/admin/temperature.rrd:disk4:AVERAGE \
 $AREAOPTIONS \
 LINE3:ds#ff0000:"Disk4 HDD Temperature" $GRAPHOPTIONS
/usr/bin/rrdtool graph /www/t0e/disk5temp.png DEF:ds=/opt/admin/temperature.rrd:disk5:AVERAGE \
 $AREAOPTIONS \
 LINE3:ds#ff0000:"Disk5 HDD Temperature" $GRAPHOPTIONS
/usr/bin/rrdtool graph /www/t0e/disk6temp.png DEF:ds=/opt/admin/temperature.rrd:disk6:AVERAGE \
 $AREAOPTIONS \
 LINE3:ds#ff0000:"Disk6 HDD Temperature" $GRAPHOPTIONS
/usr/bin/rrdtool graph /www/t0e/disk7temp.png DEF:ds=/opt/admin/temperature.rrd:disk7:AVERAGE \
 $AREAOPTIONS \
 LINE3:ds#ff0000:"Disk7 HDD Temperature" $GRAPHOPTIONS
/usr/bin/rrdtool graph /www/t0e/disk8temp.png DEF:ds=/opt/admin/temperature.rrd:disk8:AVERAGE \
 $AREAOPTIONS \
 LINE3:ds#ff0000:"Disk8 HDD Temperature" $GRAPHOPTIONS
/usr/bin/rrdtool graph /www/t0e/disk9temp.png DEF:ds=/opt/admin/temperature.rrd:disk9:AVERAGE \
 $AREAOPTIONS \
 LINE3:ds#ff0000:"Disk9 HDD Temperature" $GRAPHOPTIONS
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