Ubuntu/24

os-release

$ cat /etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 24.04.1 LTS"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION_ID="24.04"
VERSION="24.04.1 LTS (Noble Numbat)"
VERSION_CODENAME=noble
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
UBUNTU_CODENAME=noble
LOGO=ubuntu-logo

NTP

systemctl status systemd-timesyncd

/etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf
 [Time]
 NTP=ntp.example.com

/etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf.d/

systemctl stop systemd-timesyncd
systemctl start systemd-timesyncd

---

One-shot sync:

chronyd -q

One-shot time check:

chronyd -Q

root@IRV-CI-101:~/pbis-open-9.1.0.551.linux.x86_64.deb# chronyd -q
Command 'chronyd' not found, but can be installed with:
apt install chrony
root@IRV-CI-101:~/pbis-open-9.1.0.551.linux.x86_64.deb# ntpdate
Command 'ntpdate' not found, but can be installed with:
apt install ntpsec-ntpdate

About time synchronisation | Ubuntu
https://ubuntu.com/server/docs/about-time-synchronisation

Dual Boot - Remember Last Choice

dual boot - How to get grub2 to remember last choice? - Ask Ubuntu - http://askubuntu.com/questions/148662/how-to-get-grub2-to-remember-last-choice

Ubuntu:

/etc/default/grub:

GRUB_DEFAULT=saved
GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT=true

then run:

sudo update-grub

pip install

root@~# pip3 install [PACKAGE]
error: externally-managed-environment

× This environment is externally managed
╰─> To install Python packages system-wide, try apt install
    python3-xyz, where xyz is the package you are trying to
    install.

    If you wish to install a non-Debian-packaged Python package,
    create a virtual environment using python3 -m venv path/to/venv.
    Then use path/to/venv/bin/python and path/to/venv/bin/pip. Make
    sure you have python3-full installed.

    If you wish to install a non-Debian packaged Python application,
    it may be easiest to use pipx install xyz, which will manage a
    virtual environment for you. Make sure you have pipx installed.

    See /usr/share/doc/python3.12/README.venv for more information.

note: If you believe this is a mistake, please contact your Python installation or OS distribution provider. You can override this, at the risk of breaking your Python installation or OS, by passing --break-system-packages.
hint: See PEP 668 for the detailed specification.

sudo apt install python3-venv

sudo python3 -m venv .pyadmin
. .pyadmin/bin/activate
# do the things
# python -m pip install [package]
deactivate

Or

cd /opt
sudo python3 -m venv /opt/pyadmin
sudo /opt/pyadmin/bin/python -m pip install [package]

Or

sudo sh -c ". venv/bin/active ; pypi-install $PACKAGE"

apt sources.list

/etc/apt/sources.list ::

$ cat /etc/apt/sources.list
# Ubuntu sources have moved to /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources

/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources ::

Types: deb
URIs: http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
Suites: noble noble-updates noble-backports
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg

Types: deb
URIs: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
Suites: noble-security
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg

VNC

tigervnc

sudo apt -y install tigervnc-standalone-server
   # also installs: libfile-readbackwards-perl tigervnc-common tigervnc-standalone-server tigervnc-tools
   # also recommends: xfonts-100dpi xfonts-75dpi

Install fonts:

sudo apt -y install xfonts-base xfonts-100dpi xfonts-75dpi

vncpasswd

# note: gnome-session-classic is not available on Ubuntu 24 by default - install with:
#       sudo apt install gnome-shell-extensions
#            this will also install: chrome-gnome-shell gir1.2-gtop-2.0 gnome-browser-connector gnome-shell-extension-prefs
#            and recommends installing: chromium | chromium-browser
tigervncserver -xstartup /usr/bin/gnome-session-classic -SecurityTypes VncAuth,TLSVnc -geometry 800x600 -localhost no :1
  # note might have to change :1 to different session number

# kill with:
tigervncserver -kill :1

# [-xstartup]
#   GNOME : /usr/bin/gnome-session
#   GNOME Classic : /usr/bin/gnome-session-classic
#   KDE : /usr/bin/startplasma-x11
#   Cinnamon : /usr/bin/cinnamon-session
#   MATE : /usr/bin/mate-session
#   Xfce : /usr/bin/startxfce4
#   LXDE : /usr/bin/startlxde
#   LXQt : /usr/bin/startlxqt
# [-geometry] : specify screen resolution
# [-localhost] : [no] means vncserver listens all
# [:1] : specify display number, [1] means vncserver listens 5901 port

sudo apt install xterm
tigervncserver -xstartup /usr/bin/xterm
tigervncserver -kill :1

tigervncserver -xstartup /usr/bin/xterm -localhost no :2

Use the following to connect:
xtigervncviewer -SecurityTypes VncAuth -passwd /tmp/tigervnc.EXmXh5/passwd :2

ref: https://www.server-world.info/en/note?os=Ubuntu_24.04&p=desktop&f=6